ICSC

by Delta Injini / Chishanu, 25 March 2016 / rakabudiswa muna Standards

International Chemical Kuchengetedzwa Kadhi (ICSC) ari data mashitsi akagadzirirwa kupa zvakakosha kuchengetedzeka uye hutano ruzivo pamakemikari nenzira yakajeka uye yakajeka. Chinangwa chikuru cheMakadhi kusimudzira kushandiswa kwakachengeteka kwemakemikari munzvimbo yebasa uye vanonyanya kushandisa vashandisi saka vashandi uye avo vane basa rekuchengetedzwa kwehutano noutano. Iyo ICSC chirongwa mubatanidzwa pakati peWorld Health Organisation (WHO) neInternational Labour Organisation (ILO) nekudyidzana kweEuropean Commission (EC). Ichi chirongwa chakatanga mukati ma1980s paine chinangwa chekugadzira chigadzirwa kuti chiparadzire chakakodzera ruzivo rwengozi pamakemikari panzvimbo yebasa nenzira inonzwisisika uye chaiyo.

Makadhi aya anogadzirirwa muChirungu neICSC anotora nzvimbo uye kuongororwa nevezera mumisangano isati yaitwa pachena. Mushure mezvo, masangano emunyika anoshandura makadhi kubva kuChirungu kuenda mumitauro yavo uye makadhi aya akashandurwa anobudiswawo paWebhu. Muunganidzwa wechirungu weICSC ndiyo yekutanga vhezheni. Parizvino makadhi anenge 1700 ari kuwanikwa muChirungu mu HTML uye PDF. Dudziro dzakashandurwa dzeMakadhi zviripo mumitauro yakasiyana: chiChinese, chiDutch, ChiFinishari, ChiFrench, chiGerman, chiHungary, chiNtaliyane, chiJapanese, chiPolish, Spanish nevamwe.

Chinangwa cheICSC chirongwa ndechekuita kuti hutano hwakakosha uye hwekuchengetedza ruzivo kubva kumakemikari awanikwe kune vakawanda vateereri sezvinobvira, kunyanya panzvimbo yebasa. Iyo purojekiti inoda kuramba ichivandudza nzira yekugadzirira kweMakadhi eChirungu pamwe nekuwedzera huwandu hweshanduro dzakashandurwa dziripo; saka, inogamuchira rutsigiro rwekuwedzera masangano anogona kubatsira kwete kungogadziriswa yeICSC asiwo kumashandiro ekushandura.

urongwa

Makadhi eICSC anotevedzera mafomati akagadzirirwa kupe-dhara ratidziro yeruzivo, uye zvine musoro kuti zvinyorwe pamativi maviri pepa rakabatanidzwa, kukosha kwakakosha kubvumira kushandiswa kuri nyore pabasa.

Iyi mitsara yakajairwa uye yakatevedzana maitiro anoshandiswa muICSC inofambisa kugadzirira uye kushandurwa nekombiyuta-yakabatsira shanduro yeruzivo iri muCards.

Kuzivikanwa kwemakemikari

Kuzivikanwa kwemakemikari ari kuCards kunoenderana neUN nhamba, iyo Chemical Abstracts Sevhisi (CAS) nhamba uye iyo Registry yeTihedhiyo Mhedzisiro yeChemical Zvinhu (RTECS/NIOSH) nhamba. Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti kushandiswa kwemaitiro matatu aya kunovimbisa nzira isinganzwisisike yekuziva zvinhu zvemakemikari zvinobatika, zvichidaro sezvazvinoita kune manhamba ekuongororesa ayo anofunga nezvezvinhu zvekufambisa, chemistry nehutano hwebasa.

Iyo ICSC purojekiti haina kuitirwa kuti ibudise chero mhando yekugadziriswa kwemakemikari. Iyo inotaura nezve kuzvirongwa zviripo. Semuenzaniso, Makadhi anonongedza mhedzisiro yezvakaitwa neUN yeKomiti yeVanoongorora nezvekutakura kweMidziyo ine Ngozi nezvekutakurwa: UN hazard kuiswa uye UN inongedza boka, kana iripo, inopinda maCards. Zvakare, iyo ICSC yakagadzirirwa-kuti mukamuri yakachengeterwa nyika kuti dziise ruzivo rwekukosha kwenyika.

Kugadzirira

Kugadziriswa kweICSC chiitiko chichienderera mberi chekunyora nekuongorora veboka neboka revasainzi vanoshandira huwandu hwenzvimbo dzesainzi dzakanangana nehutano hwebasa uye kuchengetedzeka munyika dzakasiyana.

Makemikari anosarudzirwa ICSC nyowani maererano nehuwandu hwezvinodiwa zvekukanganisa (yakakura kugadzirwa vhoriyamu, zviitiko zvezvinetso zvehutano, zviitiko zvine ngozi zvakanyanya). Makemikari anogona kuongororwa nenyika kana mapoka evatambi vakaita semasangano evashandi.

ICSC inonyoreswa muChirungu nemasangano anotora chikamu maererano nedata rinowanikwa pachena, uyezve inotariswa neboka rizere revanyanzvi mumisangano biannual isati yaitwa pachena. Makadhi aripo anovandudzwa nguva nenguva nekunyorwa kwakafanana uye maitiro evezera, kunyanya kana ruzivo rutsva rwakakosha ruvepo.

Nenzira iyi anenge makumi mashanu kusvika zana ezvitsva uye yakagadziridzwa ICSC inowanikwa gore rega rega uye kuunganidzwa kweMakadhi aripo kwakakura kubva pamazana mashoma mukati ma50s kusvika anopfuura 100 nhasi.

Unhu hwehutongi

Maitiro ekunze epasi rese anoongororwa akateedzerwa mukurongedzwa kweICSC inovimbisa hutongi hweCards uye inomiririra kukosha kweICSC kupokana nemamwe mapaketi eruzivo.

ICSC haina chinzvimbo chepamutemo uye ingasakwanise kuita zvese zvinodiwa zvinosanganisirwa mumutemo wenyika. Makadhi anofanirwa kutsigira chero iripo Chemical Safety Data Sheet asi haigoni kuve kutsiva kune chero mutemo wepamutemo pane wechigadzirwa kana mushandirwi kupa ruzivo rwekuchengetedza kemikari. Nekudaro, zvinozivikanwa kuti ICSC inogona kunge iri sosi yekutanga yeruzivo iripo kune vese manejimendi uye vashandi munyika dzisina kusimukira kana mumabhizinesi madiki uye epakati.

Pakazere, ruzivo rwunopihwa muMakadhi rwuri kuenderana neICO Chemicals Convention (Nhamba 170) uye Kurudziro (Nhamba 177), 1990; European Union Council Directive 98/24 / EC; uye Sangano reUnited Nations Pasi Pose Harmonized Sangano reKunyora uye Kutyaira Chemicals (GHS) maitiro.

Yepasi Pose Harmonized Sisitimu Yekugadzika uye Kuita Mahara Chemhemicals (GHS)

Iyo Globalbally Harmonized System yeClassization uye Kutyaira Kwemakemikari (GHS) parizvino iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya kufananidzwa uye kunyorwa kwemakemikari pasi rese. Chimwe chezvinangwa zvekuunza GHS kwaive kuita kuti zvive nyore kuti vashandisi vaone ngozi dzemakemikari munzvimbo yebasa nenzira inowirirana.

Kuongororwa kweGHS kwakawedzerwa kune itsva uye yakagadziridzwa ICSC kubvira 2006 uye mutauro uye hunyanzvi maitiro ari pasi pemitsara yakajairika anoshandiswa muCards akavakirwa kuratidza zvinoenderera mberi muGHS kuona nzira dzakapindirana. Kuwedzerwa kwekugoverwa kweGHS kuICSC kwave kuchizivikanwa nekomiti yakakodzera yeUnited Nations semupiro mukubatsira nyika kuita GHS, uye senzira yekuita kuti GHS kuongororwa kwemakemikari awanikwe kune vateereri vakawandisa.

Matanho Ekuchengetedza Dhata Sheets (MSDS)

Kufanana kukuru kuripo pakati pemisoro yakasiyana siyana yeICSC uye vagadziri 'Safety Data Sheet (SDS) kana Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) yeInternational Council of Chemical Associations.

Nekudaro, MSDS uye ICSC haina kufanana. Iyo MSDS, mune dzakawanda zviitiko, inogona kunge yakaoma tekinoroji uye yakawandisa kuitira shopu yekushandisa pasi, uye chechipiri iri gwaro rekutonga. ICSC, kune rumwe rutivi, yakarongedza ruzivo rwekutarisana nevezera nezvezvinhu nenzira yakapfupika uye yakapusa.

Izvi hazvireve kuti ICSC inofanirwa kutsiva MSDS; hapana chinogona kutsiva basa revane manejimendi rekutaurirana nevashandi pane chaiwo makemikari, chimiro chemakemikari anoshandiswa muchitoro pasi uye nenjodzi inoratidzwa munzvimbo ipi neipi yebasa.

Chokwadi, ICSC uye MSDS inogona kunyange kufungidzirwa seyakakwana. Kana nzira mbiri dzekukurukurirana kwengozi dzingave dzakasanganiswa, ipapo huwandu hweruzivo rwunowanikwa kune mumiriri wekuchengetedza kana vashandi vemuzvitoro zvepasi vachawedzera kudarika kaviri.